PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.